Using the example from the last section, the sentence could easily be rewritten to clarify its meaning. Over the years, the Oxford or serial comma has had more than its fair share of detractors, many fighting fiercely against its use.Īlthough some grammarians believe that it can provide much-needed clarity in a written list, others argue that it’s better to just restructure the sentence. If you’re your own boss, then the ultimate comma decision rests entirely with you.Īlthough some people wonder if Oxford commas are grammatically correct, the answer isn’t black and white. On the other hand, The Chicago Manual of Style advocates for always using a serial comma. For example, AP Stylebook doesn’t use the Oxford comma unless it’s absolutely essential to preserve a sentence’s meaning. If you’re writing for a company or organization, the using a serial comma likely depends on the style guide you’re following. Some might say that Oxford commas are grammatically optional. Whether or not to include a serial comma is more of a stylistic choice. Not all grammarians are a fan of the controversial oxford comma. The company argued it shouldn’t pay these drivers overtime, but employees said a missing comma made guidelines confusing. He’s just inviting them to join him and his roommates for lunch.ĭrivers for Oakhurst Dairy won a legal battle against the company in 2017 due to Oxford comma omission. We now understand that Peter isn’t rooming with the king of horror and the bearer of many scars. In this second example, there’s no confusion. Peter went to lunch with his roommates, Stephen King, and a world-famous cat trainer. By using a serial comma in lists, you can potentially avoid misreadings and misunderstandings. It might seem hard to believe, but the placement of a simple comma can alter the meaning of a sentence. The AP Style guide doesn’t require the Oxford comma’s use, as opposed to the Chicago Manual Style, that encourages the use of the said punctuation. Thankfully, there are some basic rules to help you understand when to use a comma. Commas can also be used when expressing large numbers, breaking them into three-digit blocks, so they’re easier to read.Īlthough a comma can add structure and clarity to a sentence, it’s one of the most misused and misunderstood forms of punctuation. When writing out dates in month-day-year format, commas are typically used to set off the date. However, unlike the regular comma that holds grammatical significance, the use of an Oxford or serial comma is a stylistic choice. Technically, the Oxford comma is no different since it’s still a comma. Aside from letting your readers know when to pause and take a breath, commas also give order to the sequential elements of your sentence. For instance, when setting off words, phrases, or clauses that require a slight pause. What is the Difference Between an Oxford Comma and a Regular Comma?Ī comma is a mark of punctuation that writers use to indicate divisions in sentences. Now, before we explore this controversial comma further, let’s first understand what a comma truly is. The AP Style guide - the one followed by most newspapers - doesn’t require the use of an Oxford comma. Meaning, you can use it depending on the style guide that you’re following. That’s because it’s use is stylistic and not grammatical. Technically, using an Oxford comma is optional in American English. In the example above, the terminal comma is the comma that follows dry vermouth which is the comma before the conjunction and. The recipe called for some unusual ingredients, such as squid ink pasta, dry vermouth, and tomato purée.
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I don't think I would have noticed as much had I not been in a hurry to get to work, but in the end I'll admit I didn't wait until the water was 100% clear because it seemed like that was just never going to happen. I spent a good 5+ minutes in the kitchen trying to wash the bulk of it out of my hair before I moved into the shower. It seemed quite pigmented and was pretty hard to wash out of my hair, though it didn't stain my scalp as badly as the Manic Panic did. It comes out of the tube red, but anytime it got on my skin, towel, or other porous surface (like the poor Brita filter on the faucet in the kitchen or the door jamb in the bathroom) it looks very pink. The Red is actually fairly pink, in my opinion. I hesitated for a moment at the Magenta and the Fushia (which looks much cooler on the in-store swatch than it does online) but as I didn't know how well it would go on my hair, I played it safe (relatively speaking) with the Red. 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To help support our reporting work, and to continue our ability to provide this content for free to our readers, we receive compensation from the companies that advertise on the Forbes Advisor site. Both companies produce multiple editions for simple to very complex tax returns, so be sure to carefully compare the features offered by each package.The Forbes Advisor editorial team is independent and objective. The two most popular tax software packages are H&R Block At Home, sold by the H&R Block tax preparation company, and TurboTax Federal & State, sold by the Intuit software company. While most in-depth tax software charges a fee, there are several free options available through the states, and simple versions are also offered free of charge by most tax software companies. To e-file your South Carolina and Federal income tax returns, you need a piece of tax software that is certified for eFile by the IRS. Most tax preparers can electronically file your return for you, or you can do it yourself using free or paid income tax software, like the examples listed below. Benefits of e-Filing your South Carolina tax return include instant submission, error checking, and faster refund response times. You can save time and money by electronically filing your South Carolina income tax directly with the. For more details, visit the list of South Carolina itemized deductions. You must choose between itemizing your deductions and choosing the South Carolina standard deduction, so it's generally only worth itemizing your deductions if your itemized total is more then the South Carolina and Federal standard deductions. South Carolina allows itemized deductions, and you can claim the same itemized deductions on your South Carolina tax return as you do on your Federal tax return. You can, however, claim dependent deductions on your Federal Tax Return. Unlike most states, South Carolina does not have a dependent deduction. The Federal Income Tax, however, does allow a personal exemption to be deducted from your gross income if you are responsible for supporting yourself financially. South Carolina has no personal exemption. Keep in mind that not all deductions allowed on your federal income tax return are necessarily going to be allowed on your South Carolina income tax return. Certain itemized deductions (including property tax, qualified charitable contributions, etc) may be allowed depending on the income level and filing type of the taxpayer. Unlike many other states, South Carolina has no standard deduction. For details on specific deductions available in South Carolina, see the list of South Carolina income tax deductions. Using deductions is an excellent way to reduce your South Carolina income tax and maximize your refund, so be sure to research deductions that you mey be able to claim on your Federal and South Carolina tax returns. Income tax deductions are expenses that can be deducted from your gross pre-tax income. Ĭompare the state income tax rates in South Carolina with the income tax rates in The IRS will start accepting eFiled tax returns in January 2020 - you can start your online tax return today for free with TurboTax. There are -1208 days left until Tax Day, on April 16th 2020. Release dates for tax bracket inflation adjustments vary by state, but South carolina generally releases the current year's brackets after the end of the previous tax year, Tax brackets in South Carolina are adjusted for inflation each year, which usually results in a small tax increase. You can learn more about how the South Carolina income tax compares to other states' income taxes by visiting our map of income taxes by state. Notably, South Carolina has the highest maximum marginal tax bracket in the United States. Unlike the Federal Income Tax, South Carolina's state income tax does not provide couples filing jointly with expanded income tax brackets. South Carolina collects a state income tax at a maximum marginal tax rate of %, spread across tax brackets. This handy PDF cutter lets you split PDF pages by page number, page range, bookmarks, size, or certain text. While splitting a PDF into multiple files, it gives you a preview of the divisions so you can check by eye which pages will be grouped into one PDF. Its offline application is a cross-platform, free PDF splitter compatible with Windows, Mac, and Linux. Sejda PDF is a PDF program that can be used both online and on your desktop. 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